Topic 12. Function and class templates, concepts

Goal: learn to design templates, express requirements with concepts and test allowed and forbidden instantiations.

Lecture contents

1. Function templates and concepts — Generalization as preserving rules · Function parameters and type deduction · A numeric type concept and a complete example
2. Class templates — A class template and a non-type parameter · Default arguments and dependent names · Specialization and overloading · Definition visibility and linker errors
3. Parameter packs and requires — Parameter packs and fold expressions · The requires clause, the requires expression and standard concepts · Diagnostics and negative tests · Static polymorphism and the final choice

Practice and review

• Practice — 3 worked examples with complete code and output
• Tasks — 30 variants, each with tasks at three difficulty levels
• Summary — conclusions and self-check questions