Topic 3. Functions: parameters, pass by reference, overloading, recursion

Goal: learn to design functions; choose how to pass parameters; implement overloading, recursion and argument validation

Lecture contents

1. Functions and parameter passing — A function as a separate complete action · Pass by value · References and const references
2. Overloading and results — Overloading and default arguments · Returning several values · Lifetime, static and constexpr
3. Recursion and program organization — Recursion and the call stack · Organizing functions and program arguments
4. Designing function interfaces — Step-by-step interface design · Common mistakes

Practice and review

• Practice — 3 worked examples with complete code
• Tasks — 30 variants, each with tasks at three difficulty levels
• Summary — conclusions, self-check questions, and useful links